Easy Word | Luyện ngữ pháp


Luyện ngữ pháp - Destination B2 ((Unit 1: Grammar - Present time: present simple, present continuous, present perfect simple, present perfect continuous, stative verbs))


Present perfect simple

Form: have/has + past participle

statement: I/you/we/they have flown...
He/she/it has flown...
negative: I/you/we/they haven't flown...
He/she/it hasn't flown...
question: Have I/you/we/they flown... ?
Has he/she/it flown... ?

Use Example
Situations and states that started in the past and are still true She's had her motorbike for over six years.
A series of actions continuing up to now We've travelled by taxi, bus, plane and train - all in the last twenty-four hours!
Completed actions at a time in the past which is not mentioned Have you ever flown in a helicopter?
Completed actions where the important thing is the present result I've booked the coach tickets.

Watch out!
Phrases such as It's the first/second/etc time are followed by the present perfect simple.
✓ It's the second time I've been on a plane.

US vs UK Grammar

Speakers of American English often use the past simple in situations where Speakers of British English would use the present perfect simple.
US: We already saw the Sphinx.
UK: We've already seen the Sphinx.

Speakers of American English use gotten as the past participle of the verb ’get’, except when ’get’ means 'have' or 'possess'. Speakers of British English only ever use got.
US: We've already gotten Dan a new backpack for his summer vacation.
UK: We’ve already got Dan a new rucksack for his summer holiday.



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