Easy Word | Luyện ngữ pháp


Luyện ngữ pháp - Destination B2 (Unit 13: Grammar - Modals:ability, permission,advice,criticism,obligation and necessity, degrees of certainty))


Modals: ability

Form

  • All modals (will, would,shall, should, can, could, may, might, must) and the semi-modal ought to have only one form.
  • Modals are followed by the bare infinitive (simple or continuous) or the bare perfect infinitive
    eg To by should be very fit by now.
    To by should have recovered by now.
  • The semi-modals have to and need to change their form depending on person and tense
    eg The doctor said I had/needed to give up red meat.

Use Modal Example
Expressing ability now or generally can I can run a kilometre in four minutes.
Expressing decisions made now about future ability can We can meet at the gym tomorrow, if you like.
Expressing ability in the past could I could do fifty press-ups with one hand when I was younger.
Expressing ability in present, future or general hypothetical situations could If only I could quit smoking!
Expressing ability in past hypothetical situations could + perfect infinitive I could have roasted the potatoes, but I decided that boiling them was healthier.

Watch out!
We use be able to for the infinitive and other tenses.
✓ I’d love to be able to fit into these jeans again! (infinitive)
✓ I’ll be able to leave hospital in a few weeks, apparently. (future)
✓ I've been able to swim since I was five. (present perfect)

Form - Modals: permission


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