Easy Word | Luyện ngữ pháp


Luyện ngữ pháp - English Grammar in Use (Unit 45: It is said that ... He is said to ... He is supposed to ...)


A

Study this example situation:

George is very old. Nobody knows exactly how old he is, but:
It is said that he is 108 years old.
or He is said to be 108 years old.

Both these sentences mean: 'People say that he is 108 years old.'

You can use these structures with a number of other verbs, especially:

  • alleged
  • believed
  • considered
  • expected
  • known
  • reported
  • thought
  • understood

Compare the two structures:
  • Cathy loves running.
    It is said that she runs ten miles a day. or She is said to run ten miles a day.
  • The police are looking for a missing boy.
    It is believed that the boy is wearing a white sweater and blue jeans. or The boy is believed to be wearing a white sweater and blue jeans.
  • The strike started three weeks ago.
    It is expected that the strike will end soon. or The strike is expected to end soon.
  • A friend of mine has been arrested.
    It is alleged that he hit a policeman. or He is alleged to have hit a policeman.
  • The two houses belong to the same family.
    It is said that there is a secret tunnel between them. or There is said to be a secret tunnel between them.

These structures are often used in news reports. For example, in a report about an accident:
  • It is reported that two people were injured in the explosion. or Two people are reported to have been injured in the explosion.
B

(Besupposed to

Sometimes (it issupposed to ... = (it is) said to ... :
  • I want to see that film. It's supposed to be good. (= it is said to be good)
  • Fireworks are supposed to have been invented in China. Is it true?

But sometimes supposed to has a different meaning. We use supposed to to say what is intended, arranged or expected. Often this is different from the real situation:
  • The plan is supposed to be a secret, but everybody seems to know about it. (= the plan is intended to be a secret)
  • What are you doing at work? You're supposed to be on holiday. (= you arranged to be on holiday)
  • Our guests were supposed to come at 7.30, but they were late.
  • Jane was supposed to phone me last night, but she didn't.
  • I'd better hurry. I'm supposed to be meeting Chris in ten minutes.

You're not supposed to do something = it is not allowed or advisable:
  • You're not supposed to park your car here. It's private parking only.
  • Jeff is much better after his illness, but he's still not supposed to do any heavy work.


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