02. Read this short text and answer the question.

It is commonly believed that taking steps to protect the environment is morally the right thing to do. What is sadly evident, however, is that we all have friends and family who do not concern themselves at all with tackling this problem.

The number one reason for this is that, for some, it is just inconvenient. Other people just do not feel that their contribution makes a difference. Fortunately, however, the majOrity of Us do giVe it the attention it deserves and many peOple go to great lengths to ensure the planet is protected for future generations.

Look at the statements and write

YES if the statement agrees with the views in the text
NO   if the statement contradicts the view of the writer
NOT GIVEN   if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks

1. Some people do not pay attention to environmental issues because they do not believe their involvement would make an impact.

2. Some people tackle environmental problems in the wrong way.

3. Most people do not care about environmental issues.

4. Some people do a great deal to protect the environment.

Which synonyms or words/phrases with a similar meaning to those in the text helped you to locate the answer?

1.

3.

4.

03. To help you approach this type of question with a longer text, put the steps in order.

1.   2.   3.   4.
5.   6.   7.

Approaching Yes/ No/ Not Given tasks

a. Scan the text for these key words or words of a similar meaning.

b. Choose Yes, No or Not Given.

c. Underline these words in the text.

d. Read the question statements carefully and underline key words.

e. Read the instructions carefully.

f. Read the sentence before and after the key words or synonyms in the text.

g. Skim read the text to gain a general understanding of the topic.

04. Skim read the text and answer the question, following the steps in exercise 3.

THE ROLE OF THE MODERN ZOO

Initially seen purely as centres of entertainment, zoos were often often heavily criticised in society for keeping animals captive. Nowadays, however, zoos have a lot more to offer than perhaps some people realise. Good zoos have changed their focus and are now responding to environmental problems, such as the decline in wildlife and loss of habitat. Indeed, scientists believe that a third of all animal and plant species on Earth risk extinction within this century.

The modern zoo, therefore, has developed dramatically as a major force in conserving biodiversity* worldwide. Zoos linked with the Association of Zoos and Aquariums participate in Species Survival Plan Programmes, which involve captive breeding, reintroduction programmes and public education to ensure the survival of many of the planet's threatened and endangered species. Captive breeding is the process of breeding animals outside their natural environment in restricted conditions such as farms, zoos or other closed areas.

It is a method used to increase the populations of endangered species, in order to prevent extinction. One of the main challenges facing captive breeding programmes, however, is maintaining genetic diversity.* Zoo staff are fully trained in this area, and manage the programmes carefully to ensure genetic variation. Another way in which zoos protect endangered species is through reintroduction programmes. These programmes release animals that have been in the zoo back into their natural habitats.

Finally, and perhaps most significantly, many zoos now concentrate on educating the public, particularly the younger generation. These zoos educate millions of visitors each year about endangered species and related conservation issues. Visiting the zoo not only raises money for conservation projects, but also reminds individuals about environmental issues.

*biodiversity - the number and types of plants and animals that exist in a particular area. or in the world generally
*genetic diversity - the variety of k genes within a species

Look at the statements and write

YES   if the statement agrees with the views or claims of the writer
NO   if the statement contradicts the view of the writer
NOT GIVEN   if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks

1. Zoos have been very successful in protecting endangered species.

2. Putting endangered animals back into the wild to reproduce is a good way to increase their populations.

3. All zoos now focus on teaching people about animals facing extinction.

4. Zoo visits increase awareness of environmental problems.