Easy Word | Luyện ngữ pháp


Luyện ngữ pháp - Destination B2 ((Unit 15: Grammar - The passive / the causative / direct and indirect objects))


The passive

Form:
noun + be in the correct form + past participle (+ by/with + noun)

Active Passive
present simple They grow bananas in tropical areas. am/is/are + past participle
Bananas are grown in tropical areas.
present continuous They are redecorating the café. am/is/are + -ing + past participle
The café is being redecorated.
present perfect simple Has anyone peeled the carrots has/have + been + past participle
Have the carrots been peeled?
past simple They served the meal in an elegant dining room. was/were + past participle
The meal was served in an elegant dining room.
past continuous We asked for coffee while they were preparing the bill. was/were + —ing + past participle
We asked for coffee while the bill was being prepared.
past perfect simple Someone had eaten all the food by the time I got there. has + been + past participle
All the food had been eaten by the time I got there.
will future We will deliver your pizza in forty minutes. will + be + past participle
Your pizza will be delivered in forty minutes.
be going to future Overweight customers are going to sue Burgerland. is/are going to + be + past participle
Burgerland is going to be sued by overweight customers.
future perfect simple They will have harvested all the grapes by the end of September. will + have + been + past participle
All the grapes will have been harvested by the end of September.
modal You should brush the chicken breast with oil and then fry it. modal + be + past participle
The chicken breast should be brushed with oil and then fried.
modal + perfect infinitive They should have delivered the groceries by now. modal + have + been + past participle
The groceries should have been delivered by now.
-ing(gerund) I don’t like people telling me what to do in the kitchen. being + past participle
I don’t like being told what to do in the kitchen.

Use Example
When we don't know who does/did something My groceries have been stolen!
When it's obvious who does/did something A boy was arrested in town yesterday for stealing an apple.
When it's not important who does/did something The French bistro is being knocked down.
When we want to emphasise new information or use a formal style The potato was brought to EuropebySir Walter Raleigh.

Watch out!

We do not normally use verbs in the passive in the present perfect continuous, past perfect continuous, future continuous or future perfect continuous tenses. Instead, we use a different phrase.
✓ The restaurant has been under construction for four years.
✘ The restaurant has been being built for four years.
✓ Dave has been in training as a chef for three years.
✘ Dave has been being trained as a chef for three years.

• We only normally use 'by' to say who did something when it is important information.
✓ Margarine was invented by a French chef.
✓ The best pizzas are made by the Italians.
✘ Waiter.'This steak has been overcooked by someone.

• We usually use 'with' when we talk about the thing used to do something.
✓ The soup should then be stirred with a spoon.
✘ The soup should then be stirred by a spoon.

• Some verbs are not normally used in the passive.They include intransitive verbs (without objects), such as appear and die, and some common transitive verbs, such as have, let, lack, etc

Form - The impersonal passive


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