Topic vocabulary in contrast |
| artificial (adj) |
not natural or real, but made by people |
The growers use both natural and artificial light. |
| false (adj) |
made to look like something real: |
I realised that the man was wearing a false beard. |
| natural (adj) |
existing in nature, and not produced by people |
This cloth is made from natural fibres. |
| physical (adj) |
real and able to be seen, touched or felt |
There was no physical evidence to connect Whitman with the crime. |
| true (adj) |
based on facts or on things that really happened |
The film is based on a true story. |
| accurate (adj) |
correct in every detail and without any
mistakes |
We need to get an accurate estimate of what the new building will cost. |
| method (n) |
a way of doing something, especially a planned or established way |
We developed new methods of pollution control. |
| way (n) |
a method for doing something |
There are so many delicious ways you can prepare
chicken. |
| engine (n) |
the part of a vehicle that makes it move |
There was a problem with the engine, so we took the car to the garage. |
| machine (n) |
a piece of equipment with moving parts
that does a particular job |
Sue showed him how to operate the washing machine. |
| motor (n) |
the part of a machine or vehicle that makes it work |
The pump is powered by an electric motor. |
| aim (n) |
the thing that you hope to achieve by doing something |
My main aim on this course is to gain confidence. |
| cause (n) |
an event, thing or person that makes something happen |
The cause of death was found to be a heart attack. |
| reason (n) |
a fact, situation or intention that explains why something happened, why someone did something or why something is true |
The police asked her the reason for her visit. |
| estimate (v) |
to guess or calculate an amount or value by using available information |
It is impossible to estimate how many of the residents were
affected. |
| calculate (v) |
to discover a number or amount by using mathematics |
He calculates that the proposal would cost 4 million. |
| electric (adj) |
using or relating to electricity |
I've just got a new electric toothbrush. |
|
|
|
| electronic (adj) |
using electricity and extremely small electrical parts, such as microchips |
Our maths teacher said that we're allowed to use electronic
calculators in the exam. |
| invent (v) |
to design or create something that did not exist before |
Alfred Nobel invented dynamite. |
| discover (v) |
to find something that was hidden or that no one knew about before |
William Herschel discovered Uranus in 1781. |
| research (n) |
the detailed study of something in order to discover new facts |
He did some research into the causes of lung cancer. |
| experiment (n) |
a scientific test to find out what happens to someone or something in particular conditions |
Researchers now need to conduct further experiments. |
| progress (n) |
the process of developing or improving |
Keep me informed about the progress of the project. |
| development (n) |
change, growth or improvement over a period of time |
The development in the country's economy means that more people are able to buy their own homes. |
| modern (adj) |
relating to or belonging to the present time |
Modern offices are usually full of computers. |
| new (adj) |
recently made, invented or developed |
They are going to build a new office block here. |
| industry (n) |
all the businesses involved in producing a particular type of goods or services |
The new tax will affect everyone in the fishing industry. |
| factory (n) |
a building where large quantities of goods are produced using machines |
She works in a factory. |
| award (n) |
a prize that is given to someone who has achieved something |
She won the Player of the Year award. |
| reward (n) |
something good that happens or that you receive because of something that you have done |
You deserve a day off as a reward for working so hard. |
| take place (phr) |
to happen |
The Olympics take place every four years. |
| occur (v) |
to happen |
The police said that the accident occurred at about 4.30 pm. |
