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Luyện ngữ pháp - English Grammar in Use - Intermediate (Unit 9: Present perfect continuous)


Present perfect continuous

A

It has been raining

Study this example situation:

Is it raining?
No, but the ground is wet .

It has been raining.

Have/has been -ing is the present perfect continuous:

I/we/you/they have (= I've etc.) been doing
waiting
playing etc.
he/she/it has (= he's ect.)

We use the present perfect continuous for an activity t hat has recently stopped or just stopped. There is a connection with now:
  • You're out of breath. Have you been running? (= you're out of breath now)
  • Paul is very tired. He's been working very hard. (= he's tired now)
  • Why are your clot hes so dirty? What have you been doing?
  • I've been talking to Amanda about the problem and she agrees with me.
  • Where have you been? I've been looking for you everywhere.
B

It has been raining for two hours.

Study this example situation:

It began raining two hours ago and it is still raining.

How long has it been raining?
It has been raining for two hours.

We use the present perfect continuous in t his way especially with how longfor ... and since .... The activity is still happening (as in this example) or has just stopped.

  • How long have you been learning English? (= you're still learning English)
  • Tim is still watching TV. He's been watching TV all day.
  • Where have you been? I've been looking for you for the last half hour.
  • Chris hasn't been feeling well recently.

You can use the present perfect continuous for actions repeated over a period of time:
  • Silvia is a very good tennis player. She's been playing since she was eight.
  • Every morning they meet in the same cafe. They've been going there for years.
C

Compare I am doing (see Unit 1) and I have been doing:

- Don't disturb me now. I'm working. - I've been working hard. Now I'm going to have a break.
- We need an umbrella. It's raining. - The ground is wet. It's been raining.
- Hurry up! We're waiting. - We've been waiting for an hour.


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