analogy (n)

The doctor made an analogy between the human heart and a water pump.
In her speech, the scientist drew an analogy between the human brain and a computer, highlighting similarities in their information processing systems.
When learning a new language, finding analogies between words in your native language and the new one can be a helpful strategy for memorization.
The analogy between a well-organized kitchen and a smoothly running business was used in the management training to illustrate the importance of organization and efficiency.